Peoriodic Table

PEORIDIC TABLE
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¹H_Hydrogen Hydrogen Atomic mass: 1.00794(4) Atomic number: 1 Atomic Radius: 37 pm Boiling Point: 20 K Melting Point: 14 K Density: 0.0000899 Kg/L Bonding Type: diatomic Oxidation State: -1, 1 Vander Waals Radius: 120 pm Electron Configuration: 1s1 Ionization Energy: 1312 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.2 Electron Affinity: -73 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: 1766	2											13	14	15	16	17	²He_Helium Helium Atomic mass: 4.002602(2) Atomic number: 2 Atomic Radius: 32 pm Boiling Point: 4 K Melting Point: N/A Density: 0.0001785 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: 140 pm Electron Configuration: 1s2 Ionization Energy: 2372 kJ/mol Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 1868
³Li_Lithium Lithium Atomic mass: 6.941(2) Atomic number: 3 Atomic Radius: 134 pm Boiling Point: 1615 K Melting Point: 454 K Density: 0.535 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1 Vander Waals Radius: 182 pm Electron Configuration: [He] 2s1 Ionization Energy: 520 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.98 Electron Affinity: -60 Group Block: alkali metal Year Discovered: 1817	⁴Be_Beryllium Beryllium Atomic mass: 9.012182(3) Atomic number: 4 Atomic Radius: 90 pm Boiling Point: 2743 K Melting Point: 1560 K Density: 1.848 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 Ionization Energy: 900 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.57 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: alkaline earth metal Year Discovered: 1798											⁵B_Boron Boron Atomic mass: 10.811(7) Atomic number: 5 Atomic Radius: 82 pm Boiling Point: 4273 K Melting Point: 2348 K Density: 2.46 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p1 Ionization Energy: 801 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.04 Electron Affinity: -27 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: 1807	⁶C_Carbon Carbon Atomic mass: 12.0107(8) Atomic number: 6 Atomic Radius: 77 pm Boiling Point: 4300 K Melting Point: 3823 K Density: 2.26 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 170 pm Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p2 Ionization Energy: 1087 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.55 Electron Affinity: -154 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁷N_Nitrogen Nitrogen Atomic mass: 14.0067(2) Atomic number: 7 Atomic Radius: 75 pm Boiling Point: 77 K Melting Point: 63 K Density: 0.001251 Kg/L Bonding Type: diatomic Oxidation State: -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Vander Waals Radius: 155 pm Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p3 Ionization Energy: 1402 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 3.04 Electron Affinity: -7 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: 1772	⁸O_Oxygen Oxygen Atomic mass: 15.9994(3) Atomic number: 8 Atomic Radius: 73 pm Boiling Point: 90 K Melting Point: 55 K Density: 0.001429 Kg/L Bonding Type: diatomic Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2 Vander Waals Radius: 152 pm Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p4 Ionization Energy: 1314 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 3.44 Electron Affinity: -141 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: 1774	⁹F_Fluorine Fluorine Atomic mass: 18.9984032(5) Atomic number: 9 Atomic Radius: 71 pm Boiling Point: 85 K Melting Point: 54 K Density: 0.001696 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: -1 Vander Waals Radius: 147 pm Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p5 Ionization Energy: 1681 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 3.98 Electron Affinity: -328 Group Block: halogen Year Discovered: 1670	¹⁰Ne_Neon Neon Atomic mass: 20.1797(6) Atomic number: 10 Atomic Radius: 69 pm Boiling Point: 27 K Melting Point: 25 K Density: 0.0009 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: 154 pm Electron Configuration: [He] 2s2 2p6 Ionization Energy: 2081 kJ/mol Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 1898
¹¹Na_Sodium Sodium Atomic mass: 22.98976928(2) Atomic number: 11 Atomic Radius: 154 pm Boiling Point: 1156 K Melting Point: 371 K Density: 0.968 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 1 Vander Waals Radius: 227 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s1 Ionization Energy: 496 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.93 Electron Affinity: -53 Group Block: alkali metal Year Discovered: 1807	¹²Mg_Magnesium Magnesium Atomic mass: 24.3050(6) Atomic number: 12 Atomic Radius: 130 pm Boiling Point: 1363 K Melting Point: 923 K Density: 1.738 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2 Vander Waals Radius: 173 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 Ionization Energy: 738 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.31 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: alkaline earth metal Year Discovered: 1808	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	¹³Al_Aluminum Aluminum Atomic mass: 26.9815386(8) Atomic number: 13 Atomic Radius: 118 pm Boiling Point: 2792 K Melting Point: 933 K Density: 2.7 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 3 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p1 Ionization Energy: 578 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.61 Electron Affinity: -43 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: Ancient	¹⁴Si_Silicon Silicon Atomic mass: 28.0855(3) Atomic number: 14 Atomic Radius: 111 pm Boiling Point: 3173 K Melting Point: 1687 K Density: 2.33 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 210 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p2 Ionization Energy: 787 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.9 Electron Affinity: -134 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: 1854	¹⁵P_Phosphorus Phosphorus Atomic mass: 30.973762(2) Atomic number: 15 Atomic Radius: 106 pm Boiling Point: 554 K Melting Point: 317 K Density: 1.823 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Vander Waals Radius: 180 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p3 Ionization Energy: 1012 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.19 Electron Affinity: -72 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: 1669	¹⁶S_Sulfur Sulfur Atomic mass: 32.065(5) Atomic number: 16 Atomic Radius: 102 pm Boiling Point: 718 K Melting Point: 388 K Density: 1.96 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: 180 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p4 Ionization Energy: 1000 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.58 Electron Affinity: -200 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: Ancient	¹⁷Cl_Chlorine Chlorine Atomic mass: 35.453(2) Atomic number: 17 Atomic Radius: 99 pm Boiling Point: 239 K Melting Point: 172 K Density: 0.003214 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Vander Waals Radius: 175 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p5 Ionization Energy: 1251 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 3.16 Electron Affinity: -349 Group Block: halogen Year Discovered: 1774	¹⁸Ar_Argon Argon Atomic mass: 39.948(1) Atomic number: 18 Atomic Radius: 97 pm Boiling Point: 87 K Melting Point: 84 K Density: 0.001784 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: 188 pm Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p6 Ionization Energy: 1521 kJ/mol Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 1894
¹⁹K_Potassium Potassium Atomic mass: 39.0983(1) Atomic number: 19 Atomic Radius: 196 pm Boiling Point: 1032 K Melting Point: 337 K Density: 0.856 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1 Vander Waals Radius: 275 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s1 Ionization Energy: 419 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.82 Electron Affinity: -48 Group Block: alkali metal Year Discovered: 1807	²⁰Ca_Calcium Calcium Atomic mass: 40.078(4) Atomic number: 20 Atomic Radius: 174 pm Boiling Point: 1757 K Melting Point: 1115 K Density: 1.55 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s2 Ionization Energy: 590 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1 Electron Affinity: -2 Group Block: alkaline earth metal Year Discovered: Ancient	²¹Sc_Scandium Scandium Atomic mass: 44.955912(6) Atomic number: 21 Atomic Radius: 144 pm Boiling Point: 3103 K Melting Point: 1814 K Density: 2.985 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d1 4s2 Ionization Energy: 633 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.36 Electron Affinity: -18 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1876	²²Ti_Titanium Titanium Atomic mass: 47.867(1) Atomic number: 22 Atomic Radius: 136 pm Boiling Point: 3560 K Melting Point: 1941 K Density: 4.507 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d2 4s2 Ionization Energy: 659 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.54 Electron Affinity: -8 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1791	²³V_Vanadium Vanadium Atomic mass: 50.9415(1) Atomic number: 23 Atomic Radius: 125 pm Boiling Point: 3680 K Melting Point: 2183 K Density: 6.11 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d3 4s2 Ionization Energy: 651 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.63 Electron Affinity: -51 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1803	²⁴Cr_Chromium Chromium Atomic mass: 51.9961(6) Atomic number: 24 Atomic Radius: 127 pm Boiling Point: 2944 K Melting Point: 2180 K Density: 7.14 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d5 4s1 Ionization Energy: 653 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.66 Electron Affinity: -64 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	²⁵Mn_Manganese Manganese Atomic mass: 54.938045(5) Atomic number: 25 Atomic Radius: 139 pm Boiling Point: 2334 K Melting Point: 1519 K Density: 7.47 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d5 4s2 Ionization Energy: 717 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.55 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1774	²⁶Fe_Iron Iron Atomic mass: 55.845(2) Atomic number: 26 Atomic Radius: 125 pm Boiling Point: 3134 K Melting Point: 1811 K Density: 7.874 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d6 4s2 Ionization Energy: 763 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.83 Electron Affinity: -16 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	²⁷Co_Cobalt Cobalt Atomic mass: 58.933195(5) Atomic number: 27 Atomic Radius: 126 pm Boiling Point: 3200 K Melting Point: 1768 K Density: 8.9 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d7 4s2 Ionization Energy: 760 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.88 Electron Affinity: -64 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	²⁸Ni_Nickel Nickel Atomic mass: 58.6934(4) Atomic number: 28 Atomic Radius: 121 pm Boiling Point: 3186 K Melting Point: 1728 K Density: 8.908 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 163 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d8 4s2 Ionization Energy: 737 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.91 Electron Affinity: -112 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1751	²⁹Cu_Copper Copper Atomic mass: 63.546(3) Atomic number: 29 Atomic Radius: 138 pm Boiling Point: 3200 K Melting Point: 1358 K Density: 8.92 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 140 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s1 Ionization Energy: 746 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.9 Electron Affinity: -118 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	³⁰Zn_Zinc Zinc Atomic mass: 65.38(2) Atomic number: 30 Atomic Radius: 131 pm Boiling Point: 1180 K Melting Point: 693 K Density: 7.14 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: 139 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 Ionization Energy: 906 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.65 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1746	³¹Ga_Gallium Gallium Atomic mass: 69.723(1) Atomic number: 31 Atomic Radius: 126 pm Boiling Point: 2477 K Melting Point: 303 K Density: 5.904 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: 187 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1 Ionization Energy: 579 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.81 Electron Affinity: -29 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: 1875	³²Ge_Germanium Germanium Atomic mass: 72.64(1) Atomic number: 32 Atomic Radius: 122 pm Boiling Point: 3093 K Melting Point: 1211 K Density: 5.323 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -4, 1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2 Ionization Energy: 762 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.01 Electron Affinity: -119 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: 1886	³³As_Arsenic Arsenic Atomic mass: 74.92160(2) Atomic number: 33 Atomic Radius: 119 pm Boiling Point: 887 K Melting Point: 1090 K Density: 5.727 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, 2, 3, 5 Vander Waals Radius: 185 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3 Ionization Energy: 947 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.18 Electron Affinity: -78 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: Ancient	³⁴Se_Selenium Selenium Atomic mass: 78.96(3) Atomic number: 34 Atomic Radius: 116 pm Boiling Point: 958 K Melting Point: 494 K Density: 4.819 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, 2, 4, 6 Vander Waals Radius: 190 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4 Ionization Energy: 941 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.55 Electron Affinity: -195 Group Block: nonmetal Year Discovered: 1817	³⁵Br_Bromine Bromine Atomic mass: 79.904(1) Atomic number: 35 Atomic Radius: 114 pm Boiling Point: 332 K Melting Point: 266 K Density: 3.12 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 Vander Waals Radius: 185 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 Ionization Energy: 1140 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.96 Electron Affinity: -325 Group Block: halogen Year Discovered: 1826	³⁶Kr_Krypton Krypton Atomic mass: 83.798(2) Atomic number: 36 Atomic Radius: 110 pm Boiling Point: 120 K Melting Point: 116 K Density: 0.00375 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: 202 pm Electron Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 Ionization Energy: 1351 kJ/mol Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 1898
³⁷Rb_Rubidium Rubidium Atomic mass: 85.4678(3) Atomic number: 37 Atomic Radius: 211 pm Boiling Point: 961 K Melting Point: 312 K Density: 1.532 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 5s1 Ionization Energy: 403 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.82 Electron Affinity: -47 Group Block: alkali metal Year Discovered: 1861	³⁸Sr_Strontium Strontium Atomic mass: 87.62(1) Atomic number: 38 Atomic Radius: 192 pm Boiling Point: 1655 K Melting Point: 1050 K Density: 2.63 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 5s2 Ionization Energy: 550 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.95 Electron Affinity: -5 Group Block: alkaline earth metal Year Discovered: 1790	³⁹Y_Yttrium Yttrium Atomic mass: 88.90585(2) Atomic number: 39 Atomic Radius: 162 pm Boiling Point: 3618 K Melting Point: 1799 K Density: 4.472 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d1 5s2 Ionization Energy: 600 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.22 Electron Affinity: -30 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1794	⁴⁰Zr_Zirconium Zirconium Atomic mass: 91.224(2) Atomic number: 40 Atomic Radius: 148 pm Boiling Point: 4682 K Melting Point: 2128 K Density: 6.511 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d2 5s2 Ionization Energy: 640 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.33 Electron Affinity: -41 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1789	⁴¹Nb_Niobium Niobium Atomic mass: 92.90638(2) Atomic number: 41 Atomic Radius: 137 pm Boiling Point: 5017 K Melting Point: 2750 K Density: 8.57 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d4 5s1 Ionization Energy: 652 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.6 Electron Affinity: -86 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1801	⁴²Mo_Molybdenum Molybdenum Atomic mass: 95.96(2) Atomic number: 42 Atomic Radius: 145 pm Boiling Point: 4912 K Melting Point: 2896 K Density: 10.28 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d5 5s1 Ionization Energy: 684 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.16 Electron Affinity: -72 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1778	⁴³Tc_Technetium Technetium Atomic mass: 98 Atomic number: 43 Atomic Radius: 156 pm Boiling Point: 4538 K Melting Point: 2430 K Density: 11.5 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d5 5s2 Ionization Energy: 702 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.9 Electron Affinity: -53 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1937	⁴⁴Ru_Ruthenium Ruthenium Atomic mass: 101.07(2) Atomic number: 44 Atomic Radius: 126 pm Boiling Point: 4423 K Melting Point: 2607 K Density: 12.37 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d7 5s1 Ionization Energy: 710 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.2 Electron Affinity: -101 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1827	⁴⁵Rh_Rhodium Rhodium Atomic mass: 102.90550(2) Atomic number: 45 Atomic Radius: 135 pm Boiling Point: 3968 K Melting Point: 2237 K Density: 12.45 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d8 5s1 Ionization Energy: 720 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.28 Electron Affinity: -110 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1803	⁴⁶Pd_Palladium Palladium Atomic mass: 106.42(1) Atomic number: 46 Atomic Radius: 131 pm Boiling Point: 3236 K Melting Point: 1828 K Density: 12.023 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 163 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 Ionization Energy: 804 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.2 Electron Affinity: -54 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1803	⁴⁷Ag_Silver Silver Atomic mass: 107.8682(2) Atomic number: 47 Atomic Radius: 153 pm Boiling Point: 2435 K Melting Point: 1235 K Density: 10.49 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: 172 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s1 Ionization Energy: 731 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.93 Electron Affinity: -126 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁴⁸Cd_Cadmium Cadmium Atomic mass: 112.411(8) Atomic number: 48 Atomic Radius: 148 pm Boiling Point: 1040 K Melting Point: 594 K Density: 8.65 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: 158 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 Ionization Energy: 868 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.69 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1817	⁴⁹In_Indium Indium Atomic mass: 114.818(3) Atomic number: 49 Atomic Radius: 144 pm Boiling Point: 2345 K Melting Point: 430 K Density: 7.31 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: 193 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 Ionization Energy: 558 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.78 Electron Affinity: -29 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: 1863	⁵⁰Sn_Tin Tin Atomic mass: 118.710(7) Atomic number: 50 Atomic Radius: 141 pm Boiling Point: 2875 K Melting Point: 505 K Density: 7.31 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -4, 2, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 217 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 Ionization Energy: 709 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.96 Electron Affinity: -107 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁵¹Sb_Antimony Antimony Atomic mass: 121.760(1) Atomic number: 51 Atomic Radius: 138 pm Boiling Point: 1860 K Melting Point: 904 K Density: 6.697 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, 3, 5 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3 Ionization Energy: 834 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.05 Electron Affinity: -103 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: Ancient	⁵²Te_Tellurium Tellurium Atomic mass: 127.60(3) Atomic number: 52 Atomic Radius: 135 pm Boiling Point: 1261 K Melting Point: 723 K Density: 6.24 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, 2, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: 206 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 Ionization Energy: 869 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.1 Electron Affinity: -190 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: 1782	⁵³I_Iodine Iodine Atomic mass: 126.90447(3) Atomic number: 53 Atomic Radius: 133 pm Boiling Point: 457 K Melting Point: 387 K Density: 4.94 Kg/L Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 Vander Waals Radius: 198 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 Ionization Energy: 1008 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.66 Electron Affinity: -295 Group Block: halogen Year Discovered: 1811	⁵⁴Xe_Xenon Xenon Atomic mass: 131.293(6) Atomic number: 54 Atomic Radius: 130 pm Boiling Point: 165 K Melting Point: 161 K Density: 0.0059 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: 2, 4, 6, 8 Vander Waals Radius: 216 pm Electron Configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p6 Ionization Energy: 1170 kJ/mol Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 1898
⁵⁵Cs_Cesium Cesium Atomic mass: 132.9054519(2) Atomic number: 55 Atomic Radius: 225 pm Boiling Point: 944 K Melting Point: 302 K Density: 1.879 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 6s1 Ionization Energy: 376 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.79 Electron Affinity: -46 Group Block: alkali metal Year Discovered: 1860	⁵⁶Ba_Barium Barium Atomic mass: 137.327(7) Atomic number: 56 Atomic Radius: 198 pm Boiling Point: 2143 K Melting Point: 1000 K Density: 3.51 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 6s2 Ionization Energy: 503 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.89 Electron Affinity: -14 Group Block: alkaline earth metal Year Discovered: 1808	⁵⁷La_Lanthanum Lanthanum Atomic mass: 138.90547(7) Atomic number: 57 Atomic Radius: 169 pm Boiling Point: 3737 K Melting Point: 1193 K Density: 6.146 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2, 3 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 5d1 6s2 Ionization Energy: 538 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.1 Electron Affinity: -48 Group Block: lanthanoid Year Discovered: 1839	⁷²Hf_Hafnium Hafnium Atomic mass: 178.49(2) Atomic number: 72 Atomic Radius: 150 pm Boiling Point: 4876 K Melting Point: 2506 K Density: 13.31 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 Ionization Energy: 659 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.3 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1923	⁷³Ta_Tantalum Tantalum Atomic mass: 180.94788(2) Atomic number: 73 Atomic Radius: 138 pm Boiling Point: 5731 K Melting Point: 3290 K Density: 16.65 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2 Ionization Energy: 761 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.5 Electron Affinity: -31 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1802	⁷⁴W_Tungsten Tungsten Atomic mass: 183.84(1) Atomic number: 74 Atomic Radius: 146 pm Boiling Point: 5828 K Melting Point: 3695 K Density: 19.25 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2 Ionization Energy: 770 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.36 Electron Affinity: -79 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1783	⁷⁵Re_Rhenium Rhenium Atomic mass: 186.207(1) Atomic number: 75 Atomic Radius: 159 pm Boiling Point: 5869 K Melting Point: 3459 K Density: 21.02 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2 Ionization Energy: 760 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.9 Electron Affinity: -15 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1925	⁷⁶Os_Osmium Osmium Atomic mass: 190.23(3) Atomic number: 76 Atomic Radius: 128 pm Boiling Point: 5285 K Melting Point: 3306 K Density: 22.61 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 Ionization Energy: 840 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.2 Electron Affinity: -106 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1803	⁷⁷Ir_Iridium Iridium Atomic mass: 192.217(3) Atomic number: 77 Atomic Radius: 137 pm Boiling Point: 4701 K Melting Point: 2739 K Density: 22.65 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2 Ionization Energy: 880 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.2 Electron Affinity: -151 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1803	⁷⁸Pt_Platinum Platinum Atomic mass: 195.084(9) Atomic number: 78 Atomic Radius: 128 pm Boiling Point: 4098 K Melting Point: 2041 K Density: 21.09 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2, 4, 5, 6 Vander Waals Radius: 175 pm Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 Ionization Energy: 870 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.28 Electron Affinity: -205 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁷⁹Au_Gold Gold Atomic mass: 196.966569(4) Atomic number: 79 Atomic Radius: 144 pm Boiling Point: 3129 K Melting Point: 1337 K Density: 19.3 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -1, 1, 2, 3, 5 Vander Waals Radius: 166 pm Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 Ionization Energy: 890 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.54 Electron Affinity: -223 Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁸⁰Hg_Mercury Mercury Atomic mass: 200.59(2) Atomic number: 80 Atomic Radius: 149 pm Boiling Point: 630 K Melting Point: 234 K Density: 13.534 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 2, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 155 pm Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 Ionization Energy: 1007 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁸¹Tl_Thallium Thallium Atomic mass: 204.3833(2) Atomic number: 81 Atomic Radius: 148 pm Boiling Point: 1746 K Melting Point: 577 K Density: 11.85 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1, 3 Vander Waals Radius: 196 pm Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 Ionization Energy: 589 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.04 Electron Affinity: -19 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: 1861	⁸²Pb_Lead Lead Atomic mass: 207.2(1) Atomic number: 82 Atomic Radius: 147 pm Boiling Point: 2022 K Melting Point: 601 K Density: 11.34 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -4, 2, 4 Vander Waals Radius: 202 pm Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 Ionization Energy: 716 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.33 Electron Affinity: -35 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁸³Bi_Bismuth Bismuth Atomic mass: 208.98040(1) Atomic number: 83 Atomic Radius: 146 pm Boiling Point: 1837 K Melting Point: 544 K Density: 9.78 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -3, 3, 5 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 Ionization Energy: 703 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.02 Electron Affinity: -91 Group Block: metal Year Discovered: Ancient	⁸⁴Po_Polonium Polonium Atomic mass: 209 Atomic number: 84 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: 1235 K Melting Point: 527 K Density: 9.196 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: -2, 2, 4, 6 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 Ionization Energy: 812 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2 Electron Affinity: -183 Group Block: metalloid Year Discovered: 1898	⁸⁵At_Astatine Astatine Atomic mass: 210 Atomic number: 85 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: 575 K Density: N/A Bonding Type: covalent network Oxidation State: -1, 1, 3, 5 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5 Ionization Energy: 920 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 2.2 Electron Affinity: -270 Group Block: halogen Year Discovered: 1940	⁸⁶Rn_Radon Radon Atomic mass: 222 Atomic number: 86 Atomic Radius: 145 pm Boiling Point: 211 K Melting Point: 202 K Density: 0.00973 Kg/L Bonding Type: atomic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 Ionization Energy: 1037 kJ/mol Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 1900
⁸⁷Fr_Francium Francium Atomic mass: 223 Atomic number: 87 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 1 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 7s1 Ionization Energy: 380 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.7 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: alkali metal Year Discovered: 1939	⁸⁸Ra_Radium Radium Atomic mass: 226 Atomic number: 88 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: 2010 K Melting Point: 973 K Density: 5 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 2 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 7s2 Ionization Energy: 509 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 0.9 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: alkaline earth metal Year Discovered: 1898	⁸⁹Ac_Actinium Actinium Atomic mass: 227 Atomic number: 89 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: 3473 K Melting Point: 1323 K Density: 10.07 Kg/L Bonding Type: metallic Oxidation State: 3 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 6d1 7s2 Ionization Energy: 499 kJ/mol Electronegativity: 1.1 Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: actinoid Year Discovered: 1899	¹⁰⁴Rf_{Rutherfordium} Rutherfordium Atomic mass: 267 Atomic number: 104 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: 4 Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1969	¹⁰⁵Db_Dubnium Dubnium Atomic mass: 268 Atomic number: 105 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1967	¹⁰⁶Sg_Seaborgium Seaborgium Atomic mass: 271 Atomic number: 106 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d4 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1974	¹⁰⁷Bh_Bohrium Bohrium Atomic mass: 272 Atomic number: 107 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1976	¹⁰⁸Hs_Hassium Hassium Atomic mass: 270 Atomic number: 108 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1984	¹⁰⁹Mt_Meitnerium Meitnerium Atomic mass: 276 Atomic number: 109 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d7 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1982	¹¹⁰Ds_Darmstadtium Darmstadtium Atomic mass: 281 Atomic number: 110 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s1 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1994	¹¹¹Rg_Roentgenium Roentgenium Atomic mass: 280 Atomic number: 111 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s1 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1994	¹¹²Cn_Copernicium Copernicium Atomic mass: 285 Atomic number: 112 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: transition metal Year Discovered: 1996	¹¹³Nh_Nihonium Nihonium Atomic mass: 284 Atomic number: 113 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: post-transition metal Year Discovered: 2003	¹¹⁴Fl_Flerovium Flerovium Atomic mass: 289 Atomic number: 114 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: post-transition metal Year Discovered: 1998	¹¹⁵Mc_Moscovium Moscovium Atomic mass: 288 Atomic number: 115 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: post-transition metal Year Discovered: 2003	¹¹⁶Lv_Livermorium Livermorium Atomic mass: 293 Atomic number: 116 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: post-transition metal Year Discovered: 2000	¹¹⁷Ts_Tennessine Tennessine Atomic mass: 294 Atomic number: 117 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p5 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: post-transition metal Year Discovered: 2010	¹¹⁸Og_Oganesson Oganesson Atomic mass: 294 Atomic number: 118 Atomic Radius: N/A Boiling Point: N/A Melting Point: N/A Density: N/A Bonding Type: N/A Oxidation State: N/A Vander Waals Radius: N/A Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p6 Ionization Energy: N/A Electronegativity: N/A Electron Affinity: N/A Group Block: noble gas Year Discovered: 2002

Lanthanide Series

⁵⁷La_Lanthanum

Lanthanum

Atomic mass: 138.90547(7)

Atomic number: 57

Atomic Radius: 169 pm

Boiling Point: 3737 K

Melting Point: 1193 K

Density: 6.146 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 5d1 6s2

Ionization Energy: 538 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.1

Electron Affinity: -48

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1839

⁵⁸Ce_Cerium

Cerium

Atomic mass: 140.116(1)

Atomic number: 58

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3633 K

Melting Point: 1071 K

Density: 6.689 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2

Ionization Energy: 534 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.12

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1803

⁵⁹Pr_Praseodymium

Praseodymium

Atomic mass: 140.90765(2)

Atomic number: 59

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3563 K

Melting Point: 1204 K

Density: 6.64 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f3 6s2

Ionization Energy: 527 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.13

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1885

⁶⁰Nd_Neodymium

Neodymium

Atomic mass: 144.242(3)

Atomic number: 60

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3373 K

Melting Point: 1294 K

Density: 7.01 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f4 6s2

Ionization Energy: 533 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.14

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1885

⁶¹Pm_Promethium

Promethium

Atomic mass: 145

Atomic number: 61

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3273 K

Melting Point: 1373 K

Density: 7.264 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f5 6s2

Ionization Energy: 540 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.13

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1947

⁶²Sm_Samarium

Samarium

Atomic mass: 150.36(2)

Atomic number: 62

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 2076 K

Melting Point: 1345 K

Density: 7.353 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f6 6s2

Ionization Energy: 545 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.17

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1853

⁶³Eu_Europium

Europium

Atomic mass: 151.964(1)

Atomic number: 63

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 1800 K

Melting Point: 1095 K

Density: 5.244 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f7 6s2

Ionization Energy: 547 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.2

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1901

⁶⁴Gd_Gadolinium

Gadolinium

Atomic mass: 157.25(3)

Atomic number: 64

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3523 K

Melting Point: 1586 K

Density: 7.901 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 1, 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2

Ionization Energy: 593 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.2

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1880

⁶⁵Tb_Terbium

Terbium

Atomic mass: 158.92535(2)

Atomic number: 65

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3503 K

Melting Point: 1629 K

Density: 8.219 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 1, 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f9 6s2

Ionization Energy: 566 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.2

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1843

⁶⁶Dy_Dysprosium

Dysprosium

Atomic mass: 162.500(1)

Atomic number: 66

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 2840 K

Melting Point: 1685 K

Density: 8.551 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f10 6s2

Ionization Energy: 573 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.22

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1886

⁶⁷Ho_Holmium

Holmium

Atomic mass: 164.93032(2)

Atomic number: 67

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 2973 K

Melting Point: 1747 K

Density: 8.795 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f11 6s2

Ionization Energy: 581 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.23

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1878

⁶⁸Er_Erbium

Erbium

Atomic mass: 167.259(3)

Atomic number: 68

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3141 K

Melting Point: 1770 K

Density: 9.066 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f12 6s2

Ionization Energy: 589 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.24

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1842

⁶⁹Tm_Thulium

Thulium

Atomic mass: 168.93421(2)

Atomic number: 69

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 2223 K

Melting Point: 1818 K

Density: 9.321 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f13 6s2

Ionization Energy: 597 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.25

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1879

⁷⁰Yb_Ytterbium

Ytterbium

Atomic mass: 173.054(5)

Atomic number: 70

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 1469 K

Melting Point: 1092 K

Density: 6.57 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 6s2

Ionization Energy: 603 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.1

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1878

⁷¹Lu_Lutetium

Lutetium

Atomic mass: 174.9668(1)

Atomic number: 71

Atomic Radius: 160 pm

Boiling Point: 3675 K

Melting Point: 1936 K

Density: 9.841 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2

Ionization Energy: 524 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.27

Electron Affinity: -50

Group Block: lanthanoid

Year Discovered: 1907

⁷²Hf_Hafnium

Hafnium

Atomic mass: 178.49(2)

Atomic number: 72

Atomic Radius: 150 pm

Boiling Point: 4876 K

Melting Point: 2506 K

Density: 13.31 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2

Ionization Energy: 659 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: transition metal

Year Discovered: 1923

⁷³Ta_Tantalum

Tantalum

Atomic mass: 180.94788(2)

Atomic number: 73

Atomic Radius: 138 pm

Boiling Point: 5731 K

Melting Point: 3290 K

Density: 16.65 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: -1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2

Ionization Energy: 761 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.5

Electron Affinity: -31

Group Block: transition metal

Year Discovered: 1802

Actinide Series

⁸⁹Ac_Actinium

Actinium

Atomic mass: 227

Atomic number: 89

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3473 K

Melting Point: 1323 K

Density: 10.07 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 6d1 7s2

Ionization Energy: 499 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.1

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1899

⁹⁰Th_Thorium

Thorium

Atomic mass: 232.03806(2)

Atomic number: 90

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 5093 K

Melting Point: 2023 K

Density: 11.724 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 6d2 7s2

Ionization Energy: 587 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1828

⁹¹Pa_Protactinium

Protactinium

Atomic mass: 231.03588(2)

Atomic number: 91

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 4273 K

Melting Point: 1845 K

Density: 15.37 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3, 4, 5

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2

Ionization Energy: 568 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.5

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1913

⁹²U_Uranium

Uranium

Atomic mass: 238.02891(3)

Atomic number: 92

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 4200 K

Melting Point: 1408 K

Density: 19.05 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3, 4, 5, 6

Vander Waals Radius: 186 pm

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2

Ionization Energy: 598 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.38

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1789

⁹³Np_Neptunium

Neptunium

Atomic mass: 237

Atomic number: 93

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 4273 K

Melting Point: 917 K

Density: 20.45 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2

Ionization Energy: 605 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.36

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1940

⁹⁴Pu_Plutonium

Plutonium

Atomic mass: 244

Atomic number: 94

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3503 K

Melting Point: 913 K

Density: 19.816 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f6 7s2

Ionization Energy: 585 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.28

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1940

⁹⁵Am_Americium

Americium

Atomic mass: 243

Atomic number: 95

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 2284 K

Melting Point: 1449 K

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f7 7s2

Ionization Energy: 578 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1944

⁹⁶Cm_Curium

Curium

Atomic mass: 247

Atomic number: 96

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: 3383 K

Melting Point: 1618 K

Density: 13.51 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2

Ionization Energy: 581 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1944

⁹⁷Bk_Berkelium

Berkelium

Atomic mass: 247

Atomic number: 97

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1323 K

Density: 14.78 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f9 7s2

Ionization Energy: 601 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1949

⁹⁸Cf_Californium

Californium

Atomic mass: 251

Atomic number: 98

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1173 K

Density: 15.1 Kg/L

Bonding Type: metallic

Oxidation State: 2, 3, 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f10 7s2

Ionization Energy: 608 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1950

⁹⁹Es_Einsteinium

Einsteinium

Atomic mass: 252

Atomic number: 99

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1133 K

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f11 7s2

Ionization Energy: 619 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1952

¹⁰⁰Fm_Fermium

Fermium

Atomic mass: 257

Atomic number: 100

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1800 K

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f12 7s2

Ionization Energy: 627 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1952

¹⁰¹Md_Mendelevium

Mendelevium

Atomic mass: 258

Atomic number: 101

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1100 K

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f13 7s2

Ionization Energy: 635 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1955

¹⁰²No_Nobelium

Nobelium

Atomic mass: 259

Atomic number: 102

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1100 K

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: 2, 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 7s2

Ionization Energy: 642 kJ/mol

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: actinoid

Year Discovered: 1957

¹⁰³Lr_Lawrencium

Lawrencium

Atomic mass: 262

Atomic number: 103

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: 1900 K

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: 3

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1

Ionization Energy: N/A

Electronegativity: 1.3

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: transition metal

Year Discovered: 1961

¹⁰⁴Rf_{Rutherfordium}

Rutherfordium

Atomic mass: 267

Atomic number: 104

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: N/A

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: 4

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2

Ionization Energy: N/A

Electronegativity: N/A

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: transition metal

Year Discovered: 1969

¹⁰⁵Db_Dubnium

Dubnium

Atomic mass: 268

Atomic number: 105

Atomic Radius: N/A

Boiling Point: N/A

Melting Point: N/A

Density: N/A

Bonding Type: N/A

Oxidation State: N/A

Vander Waals Radius: N/A

Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2

Ionization Energy: N/A

Electronegativity: N/A

Electron Affinity: N/A

Group Block: transition metal

Year Discovered: 1967

Non
Metal

Metalloid

Alkaline
Earth

Alkali
Metal

Noble
Gas

Transition
Metal

Halogen

Post Transition
Metal

Lanthanoid

Actinoid

periodic table dataset was collected from https://neelpatel05.pythonanywhere.com/Developed by Khandakar Shakib

PEORIDIC TABLE

Hydrogen

Helium

Lithium

Beryllium

Boron

Carbon

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Fluorine

Neon

Sodium

Magnesium

Aluminum

Silicon

Phosphorus

Sulfur

Chlorine

Argon

Potassium

Calcium

Scandium

Titanium

Vanadium

Chromium

Manganese

Iron

Cobalt

Nickel

Copper

Zinc

Gallium

Germanium

Arsenic

Selenium

Bromine

Krypton

Rubidium

Strontium

Yttrium

Zirconium

Niobium

Molybdenum

Technetium

Ruthenium

Rhodium

Palladium

Silver

Cadmium

Indium

Tin

Antimony

Tellurium

Iodine

Xenon

Cesium

Barium

Lanthanum

Hafnium

Tantalum

Tungsten

Rhenium

Osmium

Iridium

Platinum

Gold

Mercury

Thallium

Lead

Bismuth

Polonium

Astatine

Radon

Francium

Radium

Actinium

Rutherfordium

Dubnium

Seaborgium

Bohrium